Die forging press



Oct. 22, 1963 H. BECHE 3,107,559

DIE. FORGING PRESS Filed Aug. 18, 1959 INVENTOR. #9: BEG/l4:

@4214, @JM/MW A 770 e/vys United States 3,107,559 DIE FORGING PRESS Hans Beche, 31 Peterstrasse, Huckeswagen, Rhineland, Germany Filed Aug. 18, 1959, Ser. No. 834,553 2 Claims. (CI. 89-19) Forging hammers or forging presses are used for die forging. With forging hammers the considerable forging pressure necessary for die forging is produced by converting the kinetic energy of the striking rams into retardation pressure produced upon striking. The forging press, on the contrary, operates with static pressure produced by a crank gear, bell crank lever or the like, and in some cases by hydraulic means.

In recent times increasing use has been made of die forging presses which are generally constructed as mechanical crank presses.

The usual die forging presses have taken over the actual operation of die forging unaltered from the previously developed forging hammer. That is, two workpiece halves, the upper die and the lower die, are used and the die cavities are formed in the working surfaces of said dies which face one another. The heated blank is disposed on the cavity of the lower die and then the ram carrying the upper die is moved downwards and impinges with its entire working surface on the lower die. In this case the forging is suddenly deformed over its entire surface, as is the case when forging hammers are used. A thin burr is forced out over the whole periphery of the forging.

Very great pressure forces are required for such a forging operation. These high forces require correspond ingly heavy and costly machines. The wider use of die forging presses has hitherto been restricted chiefly by the extremely high prime cost of such die forging presses of conventional construction.

The invention has as its object to develop a die forging press which requires substantially smaller prwsure forces for treating a given die forging than the hitherto conventional die forging presses. The underlying idea of the invention consists in that the application pressure is not made to act simultaneously over the whole surface of the forging but is concentrated during the pressing operation on a limited zone of the forging by rolling at least one die, which is of arcuate construction, the pressure Zone moving to and fro over the surface of the forging during the pressing operation.

The die forging press according to the invention makes it possible to carry out die forging operations with only a fraction of the application pressures hitherto necessary. Generally, only approximately to of the application pressure required hitherto is necessary. Consequently the forging press according to the invention is substantially lighter and cheaper to build.

This application is a continuation-in-part of my ap plication, Serial No. 499,105, filed April 4, 1955, now abandoned.

One constructional form of the invention is illustrated diagrammatically in the drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a side view of the press,

FIG. 2 is partly a section taken through and partly a side view of the upper pant of the press, and showing the operative connection of the operating rods with the table and lever, respectively, and

FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1.

In the constructional form illustrated the lower die a is of a fiat construction as usual. It is formed with the die cavity i at its upper side. The lower die a is fixed to the table b which is displaceable in a plane guideway z on the suitable widened upper end k of the ram 0. The latter is guided in a cylinder 1 provided in the machine 3 1M559 ?atented Oct. 22, 163

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frame In and is adapted to be raised and lowered by a gaseous or liquid pressure medium.

Parallel to cylinder 1 there is arranged in the machine frame m another cylinder q in which a piston p, operated mechanically or by a suitable pressure medium. The piston p serves as a support for two bearings 0, 0' arranged in alignment on the upper surface of said support.

The bearing 0 serves as a support for the crank shaft y connected to a suitable power device or motor (not shown however). The crank shaft y has a crank arm y having a bore which is engaged by the crank pin a" arranged on a crank arm d. This crank arm d is located upon the one end of a second crank shaft y" supported by the bearing 0 arranged on the support or piston p. The other end of crank shaft y is firmly connected to a crank arm d having a crank pin d".

To crank pin d are connected the connecting rods e, e" pivotally and to crank pin d are connected pivotally the connecting rods e, e.

The other end of said connecting rods e, e is connected to upwardly projecting spaced bearing lugs b and b" having transversely aligned openings m, said connecting rods 6, e being positioned on the inner sides of the said lugs. Each of the rods e and e has a pin 1" extending into an aligned opening In (FIG. 1) in an adjacent lug b or b" so that the table b with the bottom die a fixed thereon can be reciprocated in its guideway z by the rotation crank of the gear d keyed to the shaft y.

The upper die 1 is curved in an arc whose radius passes through the pivot pin g. The upper die 1 carried by the lever h arranged swingably in the frame m and being adapted to swing about the pin g. The lever h is also connected to the crank gear d by way of two connecting rods e" and e similar in construction and operation to the rods 2 and e. The rods e" and e are provided with laterally disposed pins 1' that connect the rods e and e' to the bearing lugs h and It of the lever h. It will be seen that both the dies a and f are arranged to be reciprocat-ed synchronously transverse to the direction of pressure by means of their operative connection to the crank gear a.

Thus, when the crank gear d is operated, the upper and lower dies 1 and a being positively connected one with another by means of the rods e and the crank gear, are reciprocated synchronously in the same directions and by the same amplitude, the arrangement being such that one of the dies may be raised or lowered during the reciprocating movement of the dies a, 1. Further the connection of the two dies through the connecting rods and the crank gear provide guide means for moving the dies in the same direction and to the same extent or amplitude.

For the die forging operation, the heated blank is positioned on the lower die a. The ram 0 then moves upwards with slight pressure until the blank is gripped between the lower die a and the upper die f. The crank gear d is then set in operation and the pressure on the ram 0 is increased. During the pressing operation the crank gear remains operative, so that the heated blank is, so to speak, kneaded into the cavities i, i of the dies at, f. The pressure acts only on a narrow strip of the upper side, the width of which is chiefly dependent on the radius of curvature of the upper die 7 and which moves to and fro over the blank during the pressing operation. The pressing operation is advantageously not carried out in one step but with repeated application or lifting of the ram c whilst the dies a, f are reciprocated.

In some circumstances the lower die a can also be curved, advantageously with a lesser degree of curvature '3 l the upper portion k of the ram c or on a machine part positively connected thereto.

The forging pressure can be produced in any desired manner, either mechanically or hydraulically. It is essential, however, that the forging pressure should be capable of being increased during the reciprocation of the dies :1, f.

By means of piston p and cylinder q it is possible to vary the level of crank shaft y with regard to the dies a, 1 so that the dies may reciprocate with the same amplitude independent of the vertical distance between the dies.

What I claim is:

1. A forging press of the class described including a vertical reciprocating ram, the upper end of said ram having a slideway thereon, a table moveably mounted on said slideway for horizontal movement in a direction transverse to the moving direction of said ram, said table having longitudinally spaced upwardly extending lugs, a rotatable crank gear having spaced rods operatively connected to said lugs, a lower die fixed to said table so as to be moveable therewith, a depending lever having a fixed pivot connection at its upper end to the press above said table, an upper die connected to the lower end of said depending member and arranged to co-act with the lower die during the pressing operation, the lower end of said lever having spaced lugs in substantial transverse alignment with the lugs on said table, and a pair of rods connected to said crank gear and to the spaced lugs on said lever, the parts being constructed and arranged so that when the ram is raised, it moves the lower die in pressing engagement with the upper die, and when the crank gear is rotated, the upper die and lower die being positively connected one with another via the said connecting rods and said crank gear, are reciprocated synchronously and guided in the same direction and substantially to the same extent during the pressing movement of the ram.

2. A forging press as called for in claim 1 in which the upper die has a curved operating surface and the lower die has a co-acting fiat operating surface moveable into and out of engagement with the upper die upon actuation of said ram.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 239,245 Hayden Mar. 22, 1881 858,096 Murdock June 25, 1907 907,135 Diescher Dec. 2, 1908 995,427 Inshaw June 13, 1911 1,384,485 Putnam July 12, 1921 1,625,340 Thomas Apr. 19, 1927 2,153,839 Liebergeld Apr. 11, 1939 

1. A FORGING PRESS OF THE CLASS DESCRIBED INCLUDING A VERTICAL RECIPROCATING RAM, THE UPPER END OF SAID RAM HAVING A SLIDEWAY THEREON, A TABLE MOVEABLY MOUNTED ON SIDE SLIDEWAY FOR HORIZONTAL MOVEMENT IN A DIRECTION TRANSVERSE TO THE MOVING DIRECTION OF SAID RAM, SAID TABLE HAVING LONGITUDINALLY SPACED UPWARDLY EXTENDING LUGS, A ROTATABLE CRANK GEAR HAVING SPACED RODS OPERATIVELY CONNECTED TO SAID LUGS, A LOWER DIE FIXED TO SAID TABLE SO AS TO BE MOVEABLE THEREWITH, A DEPENDING LEVER HAVING A FIXED PIVOT CONNECTION AT ITS UPPER END TO THE PRESS ABOVE SAID TABLE, AN UPPER DIE CONNECTED TO THE LOWER END OF SAID DEPENDING MEMBER AND ARRANGED TO CO-ACT WITH THE LOWER DIE DURING THE PRESSING OPERATION, THE LOWER END OF SAID LEVER HAVING SPACED LEGS IN SUBSTANTIAL TRANSVERSE ALIGNMENT WITH THE LUGS ON SAID TABLE, AND A PAIR OF RODS CONNECTED TO SAID CRANK GEAR AND THE SPACED LUGS ON SAID LEVER, THE PARTS BEING CONSTRUCTED AND ARRANGED SO THAT WHEN THE RAM IS RAISED, IT MOVES THE LOWER DIE IN PRESSING ENGAGEMENT WITH THE UPPER DIE, AND WHEN THE CRANK GEAR 